Polycrystalline Silicon Is a Type of High-Purity Silicon That Is Commonly Used As a Base Material in Manufacturing Semiconductors and Solar Cells
Polycrystalline Silicon |
The polycrystalline silicon used in
solar energy is also known as multicrystalline silicon or metallurgical-grade
silicon. It is created when molten silicon is formed into thin films. The
polycrystalline structure is often referred to as "ribbon silicon."
Polycrystalline solar cells have several advantages over monocrystalline
silicon, including being easier to manufacture and requiring less atmospheric
pressure. Although their efficiency is slightly lower than monocrystalline
silicon, solar cells can be made more efficiently and with less waste than
monocrystalline silicon cells.
According to Coherent Market Insights the Polycrystalline
Silicon Market Global Industry Insights, Trends, Outlook, and
Opportunity Analysis, 2022-2028.
In addition to being cheaper than
other materials, polycrystalline silicon offers a higher level of efficiency.
In a MOS, the underlying semiconductor is made of two different materials:
silicon and boron. In a MOS structure, the organic materials are sandwiched
between two metallic conductors. During this process, the two materials are
combined into bulk hetero-junctions. This method has the added benefit of
increasing the D-A interface, which improves the device's efficiency.
As a result, polycrystalline silicon
can be deposited at high rates. At temperatures close to 750 °C, the
polysilicon film is smooth and low-resistive. The amorphous film is then
annealed to form a polycrystalline film. This process is known as RTCVD. Once
the polycrystalline film is deposited, the silicon crystallizes
easily. This process allows the silicon to be used in high-tech devices. Spin
coating then formed the composite film. These technologies are highly promising
for the future of the solar energy industry. For instance, in June 2022,
Novoloop, a plastic recycling start-up in the U.S., raised around US$ 21 million in a series of funding rounds to commercialize its Oistre, a raw material prepared
from polycrystalline for shoe makers.
In addition to its great electrical
and thermal properties, CIGS is also very flexible and chemically inert. It can
act as an electrode or a protective layer. However, its high translucency means
that it can absorb only 2.3% of radiation and is not capable of capturing
photons. To solve this problem, polycrystalline silicon has undergone several
processes, including doping.
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